Hanzi
Pronunciation
Meaning
Radical
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lesson17.txt
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Hanzi
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Pronunciation |
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Meaning |
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Radical |
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| 葬 |
zàng |
To bury, to mourn; burial, mourning. | 140 (艸). Partial synonym: 喪 (433) | 除 |
chú |
To remove, to get rid of. | 170 (阝) | 服 |
fú |
*1. Clothes, attire. 2. Covering, case, quiver [for arrows]. 3. To submit to, to accept. | 74 (月) | 除服 |
chú fú |
To remove mourning clothes; to end the mourning period. Notes: Ritual texts usually prescribed the period of time for which one mourned for various family members. | 遠 |
yuăn |
Distant, far way; to avoid, to keep at a distance, to consider a great distance. Notes: Note the last meaning, which is a common “putative” use (不遠千里 is a common cliché). | 162 (辵) | 枉 |
wăng |
To go out of one’s way. Notes: This is often used in polite language to describe a visit someone else pays to oneself (they have “gone out of their way” to see you). | 75 (木) | 騎 |
jì (1), qí (2) |
*1. Horseman, cavalry. 2. To ride [a horse]. Notes: Note the different Mandarin pronunciations for the noun and the verb. | 187 (馬) | 車騎 |
jū jì |
Entourage, mounted escort. | 鮮 |
xiăn |
Rare, few, seldom; meager, scanty. | 195 (魚) | 功 |
gōng |
Merit, achievement, accomplishment. | 19 (力) | 感 |
găn |
Emotion, feeling; to feel, to be moved by. | 61 (心) | 忿 |
fèn |
Anger, fury; to be angry. Notes: Synonym: 怒 (49). | 61 (心) | 睚 |
yá |
The corner of the eye; to stare. | 109 (目) | 眥 |
zì, chài |
To stare in fury. Notes: This and 616 are relatively rare characters, and occur mostly together. See the commentary for interpreting this phrase. | 109 (目) | 窮 |
qióng |
*1. End, exhaustion; to exhaust; impoverished. 2. To fathom, to understand fully. Notes: This character means “the very end [of something]”, or “coming to the end [of something]” – for example, using up all of one’s money, following a river back to its original source, etc. In this sense, it is used very much like 盡 (235). However, unlike that other character, it can also mean “impoverished,” that is, so poor that one has no alternatives left (cf. English “at the end of one’s rope”). In this meaning, it is synonymous with 貧 (588), but is much stronger and more desperate in tone. In the second meaning, the sense is to “exhaust” some area of knowledge. | 116 (穴) | 僻 |
pì |
Out of the way, secluded; one-sided, biased. Notes: This is one of the characters that 辟 (595) substitutes for. | 9 (人) | 安 |
ān |
*1. How?, where? 2. Peace; peaceful. Synonym: 和 (355). Notes: Meaning #1 is used often, but not exclusively, in rhetorical questions. | 40 (宀) | 默 |
mò |
Silent, mute. | 203 (黑, “black”) | 而已 |
ér yĭ |
And that is all, and that’s the end of it. Notes: Idiomatic sentence closing phrase; in fused form, becomes 耳 (21-2); see 14.4. | 要 (622) |
yāo (1); yào (2) |
*1. To invite, to ask for. 2. Essential; necessity, essential point. Notes: In meaning #1, this is a generally accepted substitution for the more “proper” character, 邀. | 146 (西, “west”) | 天年 |
tiān nián |
“Heaven-appointed years,” i.e., natural lifespan. | 西 |
xī |
West. Notes: Notice the frequent usage of directions as verbs (i.e., “to go east”) or as adverbs (i.e., “eastwards”). | 146 (西) | 誰 |
shéi, shuí |
Who. Notes: 為誰 (“is who?”) is the most common way to ask about someone’s identity. | 149 (言) | 從 |
cóng (1-3), zòng (4), zōng (5) |
1. To follow, to accompany, to be accompanied by. *2. To carry out, to undertake. 3. From, by way of [coverb, used the same way as 自, 15-2]. 4. Attendant, entourage. 5. Tracks, traces, footprints [used for 蹤]. Notes: 從事 would then mean “to undertake an affair.” | 60 (彳) | 季父 |
jì fù |
Younger uncle. Compare 仲父 (113a, Lesson 4). | 宗 (626) |
zōng |
Ancestor, ancestral, clan [descended from a common ancestor]; kindred; school, sect. Notes: Notice that the character consists of the religious sacrifice radical (示) under a roof. | 40 (宀) | 族 |
zú |
Clan, tribe, family. Notes: There is some debate among anthropologists on the full scope and significance of terms like 宗, 族, and also 氏 (486). | 70 (方) | 盛 |
shèng |
To prosper, to flourish; flourishing, abundant. | 108 (皿) | 多 |
duō |
Many, much; to possess many/much. Notes: Though normally used as an adjective or adverb, it is not uncommon for writers to use it as a verbal abbreviation of 有多 (cf. the end of this lesson’s text). E.g., 王多馬, “the king possesses many horses.” | 36 (夕) | 處 |
chŭ (1), chù (2) |
1. To dwell [in a place], to manage, to deal with. Partial synonym: 居 (259). *2. Place, location. Partial synonym: 所 (78). Notes: Though the phrase in the text is a little obscure, 居處 probably is the equivalent 所居之處, “the place where he dwells.” | 141 (虍, “tiger”) | 設 |
shè |
Prepare, provide, establish; to be complete, to be completely prepared. | 149 (言) | 益 |
yì |
To increase; increasingly; benefit, advantage. | 108 (皿) | 壯 |
zhuàng |
Strong, robust; prime [of one’s life]. | 33 (士) | 壯士 |
zhuàng shì |
Stalwart men, strong fellows. Notes: Notice that sometimes 士 (96) can be used as a suffix simply to mean “men,” “fellows,” without the social class indications. | 輔 |
fŭ |
To assist, to help. Notes: This meaning derives from the character’s original use, to describe the protective sidebars on a carriage. | 159 (車) | 翼 |
yì |
Wings; to assist, to help. Notes: 輔翼 is a synonym compound. | 124 (羽) | 勢 |
shì |
Strength, power, momentum, circumstances, conditions. Notes: This character has a complex series of meanings largely determined by context, and it is difficult to summarize briefly its total range. | 19 (力) | 其勢 |
qí shì |
[Under] these circumstances. Notes: A stock opening phrase. | 語 |
yŭ (1), yù (2) |
*1. Words, speech; to discuss, to talk about. 2. To say to, to address. Notes: In meaning #2, 語 is used like 謂 (252-2): for example, 臣語王曰, “the minister said to the king . . .” Or with the object suppressed: 臣語曰, “the minister said to him . . .” | 泄 |
xiè |
To leak. | 85 (水) | 殆 |
dài |
*1. To be endangered. 2. Probably, no doubt. | 78 (歹) |
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